The main functions of kidneys are to remove the wastes products from metabolism and regulate water, electrolyte, acid base and blood pressure in the body, produce erythropoietin (a hormone needed for producing red blood cells) and help to produce vitamin D. With progressive impairment of the renal function, there is accumulation of waste products and body fluid inside the body, causing impairment of the body function - a state known as Chronic Renal Failure.

When reaching end-stage renal failure, a patient will need some form of dialysis treatment or a kidney transplant to survive, otherwise may die. 

Information of Kidney Diseases

The source of information is provided by the Hospital Authority Smart Patient